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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Donald Byrd</span></h1>
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<p><b>Donaldson Toussaint L'Ouverture Byrd II</b> (* <a href="9._Dezember" title="9. Dezember">9. Dezember</a> <a href="1932" title="1932">1932</a> in <a href="Detroit" title="Detroit">Detroit</a>; † <a href="4._Februar" title="4. Februar">4. Februar</a> <a href="2013" title="2013">2013</a> in <a href="Dover_(Delaware)" title="Dover (Delaware)">Dover</a>, <a href="Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) war ein <a href="USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">US-amerikanischer</a> Trompeter (gelegentlich auch Sänger) des <a href="Modern_Jazz" title="Modern Jazz">Modern Jazz</a>. Er war der meistverkaufte Musiker des Labels <a href="Blue_Note_Records" title="Blue Note Records">Blue Note</a>; sein 1973 erschienenes <a href="Jazzfunk" title="Jazzfunk">Jazz-Funk</a>-Album <i>Black Byrd</i> gilt als größter Verkaufserfolg des Labels. Später erreichte er als vielfach gesampleter Künstler über <a href="Hip-Hop" title="Hip-Hop">Hip-Hopper</a> wie <a href="Nas_(Rapper)" title="Nas (Rapper)">Nas</a>, <a href="The_Pharcyde" title="The Pharcyde">The Pharcyde</a> und <a href="Jazzmatazz" title="Jazzmatazz">Jazzmatazz</a> ein neues Publikum.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Werdegang">Werdegang</h2></div>
<p>Donald Byrd war der Sohn eines <a href="Methodisten" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodisten">Methodistenpfarrers</a> und Musikers. 1951/52 spielte er während seines Wehrdienstes in einer <i>Air Force Band</i>. Dann studierte er bis 1954 an der <a href="Wayne_State_University" title="Wayne State University">Wayne State University</a>, danach an der <a href="Manhattan_School_of_Music" title="Manhattan School of Music">Manhattan School of Music</a> Musikpädagogik; 1971 promovierte er an der <a href="University_of_Colorado" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Colorado">University of Colorado School of Education</a>. Mit den Detroiter Musikern <a href="Yusef_Lateef" title="Yusef Lateef">Yusef Lateef</a> und <a href="Bernard_McKinney" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard McKinney">Bernard McKinney</a> nahm er im August 1955 sein Debütalbum für <a href="Delmark_Records" title="Delmark Records">Delmark</a> auf (<i>First Flight</i>).
</p><p>Er trat mit <a href="George_Wallington" title="George Wallington">George Wallington</a>, <a href="Max_Roach" title="Max Roach">Max Roach</a> (1956), <a href="Art_Blakey" title="Art Blakey">Art Blakey</a> (1955, als Mitglied der <a href="Jazz_Messengers" class="mw-redirect" title="Jazz Messengers">Jazz Messengers</a>), <a href="Sonny_Rollins" title="Sonny Rollins">Sonny Rollins</a>, <a href="Jackie_McLean" title="Jackie McLean">Jackie McLean</a>, <a href="Andr%C3%A9_Hodeir" title="André Hodeir">André Hodeir</a>, <a href="Red_Garland" title="Red Garland">Red Garland</a> (1957), <a href="John_Coltrane" title="John Coltrane">John Coltrane</a>, <a href="Gigi_Gryce" title="Gigi Gryce">Gigi Gryce</a> (mit dem er 1957 gemeinsam eine Formation leitete) und <a href="Thelonious_Monk" title="Thelonious Monk">Thelonious Monk</a> auf, leitete von 1958 bis 1961 eine Jazzband mit dem ebenfalls aus Detroit stammenden <a href="Pepper_Adams" title="Pepper Adams">Pepper Adams</a> und ging auf Europareise.
</p><p>Mit dem Album <i>Off to the Races</i> begann 1958 seine Zusammenarbeit mit dem <a href="Blue_Note_Records" title="Blue Note Records">Blue-Note-Label</a>; seine dort eingespielten Alben der 1960er Jahre umfassen z. B. <i>Cat Walk</i> (1961) und <i>A New Perspective</i> (1963) mit dem populären, von Chor begleitetem <i>Christo Redentor</i> (von <a href="Duke_Pearson" title="Duke Pearson">Duke Pearson</a>), das seine Nähe zur Gospelmusik zeigt. Anfang der 1960er Jahre wendete er sich dem <a href="Soul_Jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Soul Jazz">Soul Jazz</a> zu und hatte ein eigenes Quintett, u. a mit <a href="McCoy_Tyner" title="McCoy Tyner">McCoy Tyner</a>, <a href="Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a>, <a href="Butch_Warren" title="Butch Warren">Butch Warren</a>, <a href="Billy_Higgins" title="Billy Higgins">Billy Higgins</a>, <a href="Hank_Mobley" title="Hank Mobley">Hank Mobley</a>, <a href="Sonny_Red" title="Sonny Red">Sonny Red</a>, <a href="Walter_Booker" title="Walter Booker">Walter Booker</a> und <a href="Freddie_Waits" title="Freddie Waits">Freddie Waits</a>. Daneben unterrichtete er Anfang der 1960er Jahre an der Music and Art High School in New York. 1962 und 1963 studierte er am <a href="Amerikanisches_Konservatorium" title="Amerikanisches Konservatorium">Amerikanischen Konservatorium</a> in <a href="Fontainebleau" title="Fontainebleau">Fontainebleau</a> bei <a href="Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Nadia Boulanger</a> Komposition. In <a href="Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> trat er 1964 mit <a href="Dexter_Gordon" title="Dexter Gordon">Dexter Gordon</a> und auch mit <a href="Eric_Dolphy" title="Eric Dolphy">Eric Dolphy</a> auf (<i><a href="Last_Recordings" title="Last Recordings">Last Recordings</a></i>); im selben Jahr spielte er auf den <a href="Ruhrfestspiele" title="Ruhrfestspiele">Ruhrfestspielen</a> in einer Bigband-Produktion mit Musikern wie <a href="Albert_Mangelsdorff" title="Albert Mangelsdorff">Albert Mangelsdorff</a>, <a href="Rolf_K%C3%BChn_(Musiker)" title="Rolf Kühn (Musiker)">Rolf Kühn</a>, <a href="Klaus_Doldinger" title="Klaus Doldinger">Klaus Doldinger</a> und <a href="Sahib_Shihab" title="Sahib Shihab">Sahib Shihab</a>. 1965/66 arrangierte er für das norwegische Radioorchester und wandte sich um diese Zeit auch wieder verstärkt der Lehre an der <i>Music and Art High School</i> in New York zu. Außerdem gab er Privatunterricht und Clinic-Workshops für die <i>National Stage Band Camps</i>. 1968 studierte er bei einem Afrika-Aufenthalt afrikanische Musik.
</p><p>Sein von <a href="Fonce_Mizell" title="Fonce Mizell">Fonce</a> und <a href="Larry_Mizell" title="Larry Mizell">Larry Mizell</a> produziertes Album <i>Black Byrd</i> wurde 1973 zum Bestseller in der bisherigen Firmengeschichte von <i>Blue Note</i>. Nachdem er in den 1980er Jahren hauptsächlich <a href="Funk_(Musik)" title="Funk (Musik)">funkorientierte</a> Musik gespielt hatte, kehrte er in den späten 1980er Jahren zum Jazz zurück und trat mit Musikern wie <a href="Joe_Henderson" title="Joe Henderson">Joe Henderson</a>, <a href="Bobby_Hutcherson" title="Bobby Hutcherson">Bobby Hutcherson</a>, <a href="Kenny_Garrett" title="Kenny Garrett">Kenny Garrett</a> und <a href="Mulgrew_Miller" title="Mulgrew Miller">Mulgrew Miller</a> auf. Seit den 1950er Jahren spielte er mehr als fünfzig Alben ein.
</p><p>Von 1971 bis 1975 unterrichtete er an der <a href="Howard_University" title="Howard University">Howard University</a>, wo er Chef des Black Music Departments war; 1974 gründete er mit seinen Studenten die Band <a href="The_Blackbyrds" title="The Blackbyrds">The Blackbyrds</a>, deren erfolgreichen Song <i>Walking in Rhythm</i> er produzierte. Weiterhin lehrte er an der Hampton University, der <a href="Rutgers_University" title="Rutgers University">Rutgers University</a>, der North Texas State, und nach einem Abschluss in Jura (1976) an der <a href="North_Carolina_Central_University" title="North Carolina Central University">North Carolina Central University</a> und der <a href="Delaware_State_University" title="Delaware State University">Delaware State University</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Auszeichnungen">Auszeichnungen</h2></div>
<p>Donald Byrd erhielt die <a href="NEA_Jazz_Masters_Fellowship" title="NEA Jazz Masters Fellowship">Jazz Masters Fellowship</a> für das Jahr 2000. Die mit 25 000 US-Dollar dotierte Anerkennung der staatlichen <a href="National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">NEA-Stiftung</a> ist die höchste Auszeichnung für Jazzmusiker in den USA.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diskografie_(Auswahl)"><span id="Diskografie_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Diskografie (Auswahl)</h2></div>
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</style><table class="infobox charts-infobox"><tbody><tr><td style="background-color:#F3F3F3;text-align:center"><span style="font-size:20px;font-stretch:condensed">Chartplatzierungen</span><span style="font-size:smaller"><br>Erklärung der Daten</span></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 .3em;background:#EAECF0;color:#202122"><span style="font-size:larger;font-weight:bold">Alben</span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 .3em .5em .3em"><table style="border-collapse:collapse;display:table"><tbody><tr><td colspan="6" style="font-size:95%;font-weight:bold">A New Perspective
</td></tr><tr class="charts-ibrow"><td style="width:3%;background:transparent"> </td><td style="width:12%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%"><a href="Billboard_200" title="Billboard 200">US</a></td><td style="width:27%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">110</td><td style="width:30%;font-size:smaller">11.07.1964</td><td style="width:23%;font-size:smaller;text-align:right;padding-left:5px">(8 Wo.)</td><td style="width:5%;font-size:smaller"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="6" style="font-size:95%;font-weight:bold">Byrd in Flight
</td></tr><tr class="charts-ibrow"><td style="width:3%;background:transparent"> </td><td style="width:12%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%"><a href="Deutsche_Albumcharts" title="Deutsche Albumcharts">DE</a></td><td style="width:27%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">60</td><td style="width:30%;font-size:smaller">29.01.2021</td><td style="width:23%;font-size:smaller;text-align:right;padding-left:5px">(1 Wo.)</td><td style="width:5%;font-size:smaller"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="6" style="font-size:95%;font-weight:bold">Places and Spaces
</td></tr><tr class="charts-ibrow"><td style="width:3%;background:transparent"> </td><td style="width:12%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%"><a href="Deutsche_Albumcharts" title="Deutsche Albumcharts">DE</a></td><td style="width:27%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">98</td><td style="width:30%;font-size:smaller">26.11.2021</td><td style="width:23%;font-size:smaller;text-align:right;padding-left:5px">(1 Wo.)</td><td style="width:5%;font-size:smaller"></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="6" style="font-size:95%;font-weight:bold">At the Half Note Cafe
</td></tr><tr class="charts-ibrow"><td style="width:3%;background:transparent"> </td><td style="width:12%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%"><a href="Schweizer_Hitparade" title="Schweizer Hitparade">CH</a></td><td style="width:27%;font-size:95%;line-height:90%;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">96</td><td style="width:30%;font-size:smaller">12.02.2023</td><td style="width:23%;font-size:smaller;text-align:right;padding-left:5px">(1 Wo.)</td><td style="width:5%;font-size:smaller"></td>
</tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>
<ul><li><i>Byrd’s Eye View</i> (mit <a href="The_Jazz_Messengers" title="The Jazz Messengers">The Jazz Messengers</a>; <a href="Transition_Records" title="Transition Records">Transition</a>, 1956)</li>
<li><i>Jazz Lab/Modern Jazz Perspective</i> (Collectables, 1957)</li>
<li><i>Fuego</i> (Blue Note, 1959)</li>
<li><i>Byrd in Flight</i> (Blue Note, 1960)</li>
<li><i>At the Half Note Café</i> (Blue Note, 1960)</li>
<li><i>Free Form</i> (Blue Note, 1961)</li>
<li><i>A New Perspective</i> (Blue Note, 1963)</li>
<li><i>Mustang!</i> (Blue Note, 1966)</li>
<li><i>Blackjack</i> (Blue Note, 1967)</li>
<li><i>Slow Drag</i> (Blue Note, 1968)</li>
<li><i><a href="Electric_Byrd" title="Electric Byrd">Electric Byrd</a></i> (Blue Note, 1970)</li>
<li><i>Black Byrd</i> (Blue Note, 1972)</li>
<li><i>Street Lady</i> (Blue Note, 1973)</li>
<li><i><a href="Stepping_into_Tomorrow" title="Stepping into Tomorrow">Stepping into Tomorrow</a></i> (Blue Note, 1974)</li>
<li><i>Places and Spaces</i> (Blue Note, 1975)</li>
<li><i>Harlem Blues</i> (Landmark Records, 1988)</li>
<li><i>Getting Down to Business</i> (Landmark Records, 1990)</li>
<li><i><a href="Jazz_in_Camera" title="Jazz in Camera">Jazz in Camera</a></i> (Sonorama, ed. 2021)</li>
<li><i>Live: Cookin' with Blue Note at Montreux</i> (Blue Note, 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lexigraphische_Einträge"><span id="Lexigraphische_Eintr.C3.A4ge"></span>Lexigraphische Einträge</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Ian_Carr" title="Ian Carr">Ian Carr</a>, <a href="Digby_Fairweather" title="Digby Fairweather">Digby Fairweather</a>, <a href="Brian_Priestley" title="Brian Priestley">Brian Priestley</a>: <i>Rough Guide Jazz. Der ultimative Führer zur Jazzmusik. 1700 Künstler und Bands von den Anfängen bis heute.</i> Metzler, Stuttgart/Weimar 1999, ISBN 3-476-01584-X.</li>
<li><a href="Leonard_Feather" title="Leonard Feather">Leonard Feather</a>, <a href="Ira_Gitler" title="Ira Gitler">Ira Gitler</a>: <i>The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz.</i> Oxford University Press, New York 1999, ISBN 0-19-532000-X.</li>
<li><a href="Martin_Kunzler" title="Martin Kunzler">Martin Kunzler</a>: <i>Jazz-Lexikon.</i> Band 2: <i>M–Z.</i> (= <i>rororo-Sachbuch.</i> Band 16513). 2. Auflage. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2004, ISBN 3-499-16513-9.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Donald_Byrd?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Donald Byrd</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000149946"><span>Donald Byrd</span></a> bei <a href="AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> (englisch)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/de/artist/Donald+Byrd">Donald Byrd</a> bei <a href="Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.laut.de/Donald-Byrd">Donald Byrd</a> bei <a href="Laut.de" title="Laut.de">laut.de</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jazzdisco.org/donald-byrd/">Donald Byrd</a> bei <i>Jazzdisco.org</i></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arts.gov/honors/jazz/donald-byrd">2000 NEA Jazz Master Donald Byrd</a> bei <a href="National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">NEA</a>-Stiftung (englisch)</li>
<li>Matthias Wegner im Gespräch mit Oliver Schwesig: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/donald-byrd-cookin-with-blue-note-at-montreux-dlf-kultur-52e1c3b7-100.html"><i>Lässig, funky und tanzbar</i></a> vom 12. Dezember 2022.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nachrufe">Nachrufe</h3></div>
<ul><li><a href="Claudius_Seidl" title="Claudius Seidl">Claudius Seidl</a>: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faz.net/aktuell/feuilleton/zum-tode-donald-byrds-der-diskrete-kommandeur-12057448.html">Zum Tode Donald Byrds. Der diskrete Kommandeur.</a></i> In: <i><a href="Frankfurter_Allgemeine_Zeitung" title="Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung">FAS</a></i>, 10. Februar 2013.</li>
<li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/12/arts/music/donald-byrd-renegade-jazz-trumpeter-dies-at-80.html">Donald Byrd, Jazz Trumpeter, Dies at 80.</a></i> In: <i><a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.</i> 11. Februar 2013.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musikbeispiele">Musikbeispiele</h3></div>
<ul><li>Donald Byrd: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tg3CBBkSss4"><i>Cristo Redentor</i></a> auf <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li>
<li>Donald Byrd: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eNA5X_lvCis"><i>Kofi</i></a> auf <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li>
<li>Donald Byrd: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gcuhU_FdBAs"><i>Change (Makes You Want to Hustle) (TopPop 1976)</i></a> auf <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li>
<li>Donald Byrd: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEONuPt-0eg"><i>Love Has Come Around</i></a> auf <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li>
<li><a href="Jazzmatazz" title="Jazzmatazz">Jazzmatazz</a> feat. Donald Byrd: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_tBymadvVI"><i>Loungin’ (Offizielles Musikvideo)</i></a> auf <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tributes.com/obituary/read/Donald-Byrd-95242936">Nachruf</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://derstandard.at/1360161235053/Jazztrompeter-Donald-Byrd-gestorben">Jazztrompeter Donald Byrd gestorben</a>, <a href="Der_Standard" title="Der Standard">Der Standard</a> 8. Februar 2013.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chartquellen: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.offiziellecharts.de/suche?artist_search=Donald+Byrd&do_search=do">DE</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hitparade.ch/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Donald+Byrd">CH</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Josef Engels: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rondomagazin.de/kritiken.php?kritiken_id=12140"><i>Live: Cookin’ With Blue Note At Montreux Donald Byrd.</i></a> In: <i><a href="Rondo_(Musikmagazin)" title="Rondo (Musikmagazin)">Rondo</a>.</i> 24. Dezember 2022,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 4. Januar 2023</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ADonald+Byrd&rft.title=Live%3A+Cookin%E2%80%99+With+Blue+Note+At+Montreux+Donald+Byrd&rft.description=Live%3A+Cookin%E2%80%99+With+Blue+Note+At+Montreux+Donald+Byrd&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rondomagazin.de%2Fkritiken.php%3Fkritiken_id%3D12140&rft.creator=Josef+Engels&rft.date=2022-12-24"> </span></span>
</li>
</ol>
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<div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;">
<div>
Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11951947X">11951947X</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81011276">n81011276</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/195495/">195495</a></span> | </div>
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